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Lean Six Sigma
Process optimization from both the current and the future perspective.
Lean Six Sigma is a synergized managerial concept of Lean and Six Sigma. Lean traditionally focuses on eliminating the eight kinds of waste ("Muda"), and Six Sigma focuses on improving process output quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects (errors) and minimizing variability in (manufacturing and business) processes.
Lean Six Sigma uses the DMAIC phases (see below) similar to that of Six Sigma. The five phases used in Lean Six Sigma aim to identify the root cause of inefficiencies and work with any process, product, or service that has a large amount of data or measurable characteristics available.
The different levels of certifications are divided into belt colours. The highest level of certification is a black belt, signifying a deep knowledge of Lean Six Sigma principles. Below the black belt are the green and yellow belts. For each of these belts, level skill sets that describe which of the overall Lean Six Sigma tools are expected to be part at a certain belt level are available. The skill sets reflect Six Sigma, Lean elements and other process improvements methods like the theory of constraints and total productive maintenance. In order to achieve any of the certification levels, a proctored exam must be passed that asks questions about Lean Six Sigma and its applications.
Lean manufacturing
Lean manufacturing is a production method aimed primarily at reducing times within the production system as well as response times from suppliers and customers. It is closely related to another concept called Just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short). Just-in-time manufacturing tries to match production to demand by only supplying goods which have been ordered, focusing on efficiency, productivity (with a commitment to continuous improvement) and reduction of "wastes" for the producer and supplier of goods. Lean manufacturing adopts the just-in-time approach and additionally focuses on reducing cycle, flow and throughput times by further eliminating activities which do not add any value for the customer.[1] Lean manufacturing also involves people who work outside of the manufacturing process, such as in marketing and customer service.
Lean project management
Lean project management is the application of lean concepts such as lean construction, lean manufacturing and lean thinking to project management.
Lean project management has many ideas in common with other lean concepts; however, the main principle of lean project management is delivering more value with less waste in a project context.
Lean Project Management applies the five principles of lean thinking to project management.
"Lean" is a systematic method for the elimination of waste ("Muda") within a manufacturing system. Lean also takes into account waste created through overburden ("Muri") and waste created through unevenness in work loads ("Mura"). Working from the perspective of the client who consumes a product or service, "value" is any action or process that a customer would be willing to pay for.
Six Sigma
Six Sigma (6σ) is a set of techniques and tools for process improvement. It was introduced by American engineer Bill Smith while working at Motorola in 1986.
Six Sigma strategies seek to improve manufacturing quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. This is done by using empirical and statistical quality management methods and by hiring people who serve as Six Sigma experts. Each Six Sigma project follows a defined methodology and has specific value targets, such as reducing pollution or increasing customer satisfaction.
The term Six Sigma originates from the statistical modelling of manufacturing processes. The maturity of a manufacturing process can be described by a sigma rating, indicating its yield or the percentage of defect-free products it creates, specifically to within how many standard deviations of a normal distribution the fraction of defect-free outcomes corresponds.
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